Professor Diane Kelly

Professor Emeritus (Medicine), Medical School

+44 (0) 1792 602184

d.kelly@swansea.ac.uk

Research Links

About

Diane became interested in "Bio-transformations and Cytochromes P450" as an undergraduate and this was developed further during her PhD, a joint project between Imperial Cancer Research Fund, (now CRUK) and Swansea University (SU). Her post-doctoral career began at Sheffield University, firstly in the Genetics Department and later in the Wolfson Institute of Biotechnology, where she has pursued a research focus on moctobial cytochrome P450 ever since.

After a move from Sheffield to Aberystwyth University, Diane came full circle to Swansea University as a Reader and then Professor in the newly formed Swansea Clinical School, in 2004. Her research continues to be on Microbial Cytochrome P450 related to their biodiversity, including mycobacterial P450's and a range of fungi, with an emphasis on identifying targets for antimicrobial agents in both medicine and agriculture and the associated rise in resistance to current therapies. Diane has published more than 200 related peer reviewed papers.

Diane is SU Co-lead on a European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) funded project, BEACON. This is a £18.3 million project backed by EU and the Welsh Government. BEACON won the 2014 RegioStars prize for the best Regional Project in the EU and is celebrating 10 years (2020) of successful collaborations between Welsh HEI's and Industry.

Diane is a panel reviewer for UKRC grants and for the Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (NWO), Vidi grants within the Innovational Research Incentives Scheme of the Domain Science.

Diane sits on the University's Nominations Committee.

Throughout her career Diane has always been passionate about equality both in and out of the work place and has been part of the SU Athena SWAN charter work since 2008, first as a member of the SU self-assessment tear (SAT) gaining the Bronze award in 2009 and then as chair for the successful Bronze Award renewal in 2012. She has continued as a member of the SU SAT which gained a Silver Institutional award in 2017. Diane chairs the Medical School's EDI committee and SAT, the School was awarded Bronze in 2014, Silver in 2016 and Silver 2019. She is a founding member of the University Athena SWAN Strategy group and chairs and sits on UK Athena SWAN assessment panels. She acts as a critical friend to other departments within her own and other Institutions preparing their submissions.

Areas Of Expertise

Microbial Cytochromes P450 (CYP’S)
Redox partners (from genes to proteins and biodiversity).
Fungal sterol biology
Antimicrobial resistance

Career Highlights

Research

The human burden of fungal disease has been shown to be larger than breast cancer, malaria or TB. In agriculture fungal disease is a major issue for Food Secruity. The global market is $13.7bn for drugs and $7bn for fungicides pa.

A major research emphasis that Diane is part of (http://www.p450swansea.co.uk/) has been to study function, structure and inhibition of cytochromes P450 (CYPs) in particular CYP51, the target for imidazole and triazole anti-fungals. CYP51 is an enzyme in sterol biosynthesis (14a-demethylation of lanosterol) leading utimately to ergosterol in fungal membranes, or cholesterol in human cell membranes, respectively. There is a pressing need to develop new drugs that are selective, lack adverse drug/drug interactions (as the mjor metabolism of drugs is by other CYPs) and combat the drug resistance problem in fungi. Often the patients are immune-compromised and on prolonged or prophylatic treatment.

Research at Swansea has led to the development of materials and methods that include isolation and characterization of novel CYP proteins from medical and plant fungal pathogens, with an emphasis on identifying mode of action and mechanisms of resistance.

Award Highlights Collaborations

Publications

Research Highlights

Warrilow, A., Nishimoto, A., Parker, J., Price, C., Flowers, S., Kelly, D., Rogers, P., & Kelly, S. (2019). The Evolution of Azole Resistance in Candida albicans Sterol 14α-Demethylase (CYP51) through Incremental Amino Acid Substitutions. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, 63(5)
https://doi.org/10.1128/aac.02586-18, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa48946
Lamb, D., Kelly, D., Venkateswarlu, K., Manning, N., Bligh, H., Schunck, W., Kelly, S., & Kanamarlapudi, V. (1999). Generation of a Complete, Soluble, and Catalytically Active Sterol 14α-Demethylase−Reductase Complex†. Biochemistry, 38(27), 8733-8738.
https://doi.org/10.1021/bi9825089, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa25106
Venkateswarlu, K., Kelly, D., Manning, N., Kelly, S., & Kanamarlapudi, V. (1998). NADPH cytochrome P-450 oxidoreductase and susceptibility to ketoconazole. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, 42
SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa25111
Venkateswarlu, K., Kelly, D., Kelly, S., & Kanamarlapudi, V. (1997). Characterization of Saccharomyces cerevisiae CYP51 and a CYP51 fusion protein with NADPH cytochrome P-450 oxidoreductase expressed in Escherichia coli. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, 41
SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa25119
Placido Escobar, J., Bustamante-López, S., Meissner, K., Kelly, D., & Kelly, S. (2019). Microalgae biochar-derived carbon dots and their application in heavy metal sensing in aqueous systems. Science of The Total Environment, 656, 531-539.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.11.393, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa46109
Salvage, R., Hull, C., Kelly, D., & Kelly, S. (2014). Use of 70% alcohol for the routine removal of microbial hard surface bioburden in life science cleanrooms. Future Microbiology, 9(10), 1123-1130.
https://doi.org/10.2217/fmb.14.73, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa19624
Venkateswarlu, K., Lamb, D., Kelly, D., Manning, N., Kelly, S., & Kanamarlapudi, V. (1998). The N-Terminal Membrane Domain of Yeast NADPH-Cytochrome P450 (CYP) Oxidoreductase Is Not Required for Catalytic Activity in Sterol Biosynthesis or in Reconstitution of CYP Activity. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 273(8), 4492-4496.
https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.273.8.4492, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa25109
Fang, G., Venkateswarlu, K., Kelly, D., Kelly, S., & Kanamarlapudi, V. (1994). STUDIES ON YEAST HOST STRAINS FOR HETEROLOGOUS P450 EXPRESSION. Biotechnology Letters, 16
SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa25127
Griffiths, W., Crick, P., Meljon, A., Theofilopoulos, S., Abdel-Khalik, J., Yutuc, E., Parker, J., Kelly, D., Kelly, S., Arenas, E., & Wang, Y. (2019). Additional pathways of sterol metabolism: Evidence from analysis of Cyp27a1−/− mouse brain and plasma. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular and Cell Biology of Lipids, 1864(2), 191-211.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbalip.2018.11.006, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa46057
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bbalip.2018.11.006
Warrilow, A., Ugochukwu, C., Lamb, D., Kelly, D., & Kelly, S. (2008). Expression and Characterization of CYP51, the Ancient Sterol 14alpha-demethylase Activity for Cytochromes P450 (CYP), in the White-Rot Fungus Phanerochaete chrysosporium. Lipids, 43(12), 1143-1153.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11745-008-3239-5, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa6350
Barber, R., Hickenbotham, P., Hatch, T., Kelly, D., Topchiy, N., Almeida, G., Jones, G., Johnson, G., Parry, J., Rothkamm, K., Dubrova, Y., & Johnson, G. (2006). Radiation-induced transgenerational alterations in genome stability and DNA damage. Oncogene, 25(56), 7336-7342.
https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.onc.1209723, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa17857
Lamb, D., Kaderbhai, N., Venkateswarlu, K., Kelly, D., Kelly, S., Kaderbhai, M., & Kanamarlapudi, V. (2001). Human Sterol 14α-Demethylase Activity Is Enhanced by the Membrane-Bound State of Cytochrome b5. Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics, 395(1), 78-84.
https://doi.org/10.1006/abbi.2001.2566, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa25098
Lamb, D., Warrilow, A., Venkateswarlu, K., Kelly, D., Kelly, S., & Kanamarlapudi, V. (2001). Activities and Kinetic Mechanisms of Native and Soluble NADPH–Cytochrome P450 Reductase. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, 286(1), 48-54.
https://doi.org/10.1006/bbrc.2001.5338, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa25100
Zhou, W., Warrilow, A., Thomas, C., Ramos, E., Parker, J., Price, C., Vanderloop, B., Fisher, P., Loftis, M., Kelly, D., Kelly, S., & Nes, W. (2018). Functional importance for developmental regulation of sterol biosynthesis in Acanthamoeba castellanii. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular and Cell Biology of Lipids, 1863(10), 1164-1178.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbalip.2018.07.004, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa41148
Plácido, J., López, S., Meissner, K., Kelly, D., Kelly, S., & Placido Escobar, J. (2019). Multivariate analysis of biochar-derived carbonaceous nanomaterials for detection of heavy metal ions in aqueous systems. Science of The Total Environment, 688, 751-761.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.06.342, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa50904
Placido Escobar, J., Bustamante-López, S., Meissner, K., Kelly, D., & Kelly, S. (2019). NanoRefinery of carbonaceous nanomaterials: Complementing dairy manure gasification and their applications in cellular imaging and heavy metal sensing. Science of The Total Environment, 689, 10-20.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.06.390, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa50905
Plácido, J., Bustamante-López, S., Meissner, K., Kelly, D., & Kelly, S. (2019). Comparative study of the characteristics and fluorescent properties of three different biochar derived‑carbonaceous nanomaterials for bioimaging and heavy metal ions sensing. Fuel Processing Technology, 196, 106163
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuproc.2019.106163, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa51273
Warrilow, A., Jackson, C., Parker, J., Marczylo, T., Kelly, D., Lamb, D., & Kelly, S. (2008). Identification, Characterization, and Azole-Binding Properties of Mycobacterium smegmatis CYP164A2, a Homolog of ML2088, the Sole Cytochrome P450 Gene of Mycobacterium leprae. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, 53(3), 1157-1164.
https://doi.org/10.1128/AAC.01237-08, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa6351
Parker, J., Warrilow, A., Price, C., Mullins, J., Kelly, D., & Kelly, S. (2014). Resistance to antifungals that target CYP51. Journal of Chemical Biology, 7(4), 143-161.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s12154-014-0121-1, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa18694
Colley, T., Sehra, G., Chowdhary, A., Alanio, A., Kelly, S., Kizawa, Y., Armstrong-James, D., Fisher, M., Warrilow, A., Parker, J., Kelly, D., Kimura, G., Nishimoto, Y., Sunose, M., Onions, S., Crepin, D., Lagasse, F., Crittall, M., Shannon, J...., & Rapeport, G. (2018). In Vitro and In Vivo Efficacy of a Novel and Long-Acting Fungicidal Azole, PC1244, on Aspergillus fumigatus Infection. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, 62(5), AAC.01941-17
https://doi.org/10.1128/aac.01941-17, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa38876
http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.01941-17
Martel, C., Parker, J., Warrilow, A., Rolley, N., Kelly, S., Kelly, D., Parker, J., Hull, C., & Warrilow, A. (2010). Complementation of a Saccharomyces cerevisiae ERG11/CYP51 (Sterol 14alpha-Demethylase) Doxycycline-Regulated Mutant and Screening of the Azole Sensitivity of Aspergillus fumigatus Isoenzymes CYP51A and CYP51B. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, 54(11), 4920-4923.
https://doi.org/10.1128/AAC.00349-10, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa6356
Jackson, C., Lamb, D., Marczylo, T., Parker, J., Manning, N., Kelly, D., & Kelly, S. (2003). Conservation and cloning of CYP51: a sterol 14α-demethylase from Mycobacterium smegmatis. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, 301(2), 558
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0006-291X(02)03078-4, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa6859
Warrilow, A., Mullins, J., Hull, C., Parker, J., Lamb, D., Kelly, D., Kelly, S., & Mullins, J. (2012). S279 Point Mutations in Candida albicans Sterol 14- Demethylase (CYP51) Reduce In Vitro Inhibition by Fluconazole. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, 56(4), 2099-2107.
https://doi.org/10.1128/AAC.05389-11, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa14242
Hull, C., Warrilow, A., Rolley, N., Price, C., Donnison, I., Kelly, D., & Kelly, S. (2017). Co-production of 11α-hydroxyprogesterone and ethanol using recombinant yeast expressing fungal steroid hydroxylases. Biotechnology for Biofuels, 10(1)
https://doi.org/10.1186/s13068-017-0904-z, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa37567
Warrilow, A., Parker, J., Price, C., Rolley, N., Nes, W., Kelly, D., & Kelly, S. (2019). Isavuconazole and voriconazole inhibition of sterol 14α-demethylases (CYP51) from Aspergillus fumigatus and Homo sapiens. International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2019.07.011, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa51096
Warrilow, A., Parker, J., Price, C., Garvey, E., Hoekstra, W., Schotzinger, R., Wiederhold, N., Nes, W., Kelly, D., & Kelly, S. (2017). The Tetrazole VT-1161 Is a Potent Inhibitor of Trichophyton rubrum through Its Inhibition of T. rubrum CYP51. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, 61(7), e00333-17
https://doi.org/10.1128/AAC.00333-17, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa34176
Melo, N., Moran, G., Warrilow, A., Dudley, E., Smith, S., Sullivan, D., Lamb, D., Kelly, D., Coleman, D., & Kelly, S. (2008). CYP56 (Dit2p) in Candida albicans: Characterization and Investigation of Its Role in Growth and Antifungal Drug Susceptibility. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, 52(10), 3718-3724.
https://doi.org/10.1128/AAC.00446-08, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa6349
Bader, O., Kuhns, M., Hull, C., Parker, J., Bader, M., Tintelnot, K., Seiboldt, M., Kelly, D., Kelly, S., Gross, U., & Weig, M. (2009). Frequency of azole resistance phenotypes in the two most prevalent human pathogenic yeast, Candida albicans and Candida glabrata. MYCOSES, 52(5)-421.
SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa16023
Colley, T., Alanio, A., Kelly, S., Sehra, G., Kizawa, Y., Warrilow, A., Parker, J., Kelly, D., Kimura, G., Anderson-Dring, L., Nakaoki, T., Sunose, M., Onions, S., Crepin, D., Lagasse, F., Crittall, M., Shannon, J., Cooke, M., Bretagne, S...., & Rapeport, G. (2017). In vitro and in vivo antifungal profile of a novel and long acting inhaled azole, PC945, on Aspergillus fumigatus infection. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, AAC.02280-16
https://doi.org/10.1128/AAC.02280-16, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa32189
Sewell, T., Hawkins, N., Stotz, H., Huang, Y., Kelly, S., Kelly, D., Fraaije, B., & Fitt, B. (2017). Azole sensitivity in Leptosphaeria pathogens of oilseed rape: the role of lanosterol 14α-demethylase. Scientific Reports, 7(1)
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-15545-9, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa36850
Warrilow, A., Parker, J., Price, C., Nes, W., Garvey, E., Hoekstra, W., Schotzinger, R., Kelly, D., & Kelly, S. (2016). The Investigational Drug VT-1129 Is a Highly Potent Inhibitor of Cryptococcus Species CYP51 but Only Weakly Inhibits the Human Enzyme. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, 60(8), 4530-4538.
https://doi.org/10.1128/AAC.00349-16, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa29154
Warrilow, A., Price, C., Parker, J., Rolley, N., Smyrniotis, C., Hughes, D., Thoss, V., Nes, W., Kelly, D., Holman, T., & Kelly, S. (2016). Azole Antifungal Sensitivity of Sterol 14α-Demethylase (CYP51) and CYP5218 from Malassezia globosa. Scientific Reports, 6(1)
https://doi.org/10.1038/srep27690, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa34335
Warrilow, A., Parker, J., Price, C., Nes, W., Kelly, S., & Kelly, D. (2015). In Vitro Biochemical Study of CYP51-Mediated Azole Resistance in Aspergillus fumigatus. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, 59(12), 7771-7778.
https://doi.org/10.1128/aac.01806-15, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa23614
http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.01806-15
Hull, C., Loveridge, J., Donnison, I., Kelly, D., & Kelly, S. (2014). Co-production of bioethanol and probiotic yeast biomass from agricultural feedstock: application of the rural biorefinery concept. AMB Express, 4(1), 64
https://doi.org/10.1186/s13568-014-0064-5, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa18763
Hull, C., Loveridge, J., Rolley, N., Donnison, I., Kelly, S., & Kelly, D. (2014). Co-production of ethanol and squalene using a Saccharomyces cerevisiae ERG1 (squalene epoxidase) mutant and agro-industrial feedstock. Biotechnology for Biofuels, 7(1), 133
https://doi.org/10.1186/s13068-014-0133-7, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa18617
Warrilow, A., Hull, C., Rolley, N., Parker, J., Nes, W., Smith, S., Kelly, D., & Kelly, S. (2014). Clotrimazole as a Potent Agent for Treating the Oomycete Fish Pathogen Saprolegnia parasitica through Inhibition of Sterol 14 -Demethylase (CYP51). Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 80(19), 6154-6166.
https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.01195-14, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa18616
Giaever, G., Chu, A., Ni, L., Connelly, C., Riles, L., Véronneau, S., Dow, S., Lucau-Danila, A., Anderson, K., André, B., Arkin, A., Astromoff, A., El Bakkoury, M., Bangham, R., Benito, R., Brachat, S., Campanaro, S., Curtiss, M., Davis, K...., & Johnston, M. (2002). Functional profiling of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae genome. Nature, 418(6896), 387-391.
https://doi.org/10.1038/nature00935, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa1332
Jackson, C. & Kelly, D. (2002). A Novel Sterol 14alpha -Demethylase/Ferredoxin Fusion Protein (MCCYP51FX) from Methylococcus capsulatus Represents a New Class of the Cytochrome P450 Superfamily. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 277(49), 46959-46965.
https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M203523200, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa1333
Lamb, D., Skaug, T., Song, H., Jackson, C., Podust, L., Waterman, M., Kell, D., Kelly, D., & Kelly, S. (2002). The Cytochrome P450 Complement (CYPome) of Streptomyces coelicolor A3(2). Journal of Biological Chemistry, 277(27), 24000-24005.
https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.m111109200, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa1334
http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.m111109200
Lamb, D., Jackson, C., Warrilow, A., Manning, N., Kelly, D., Kelly, S., & Kelly, D. (2007). Lanosterol Biosynthesis in the Prokaryote Methylococcus Capsulatus: Insight into the Evolution of Sterol Biosynthesis. Molecular Biology and Evolution, 24(8), 1714-1721.
https://doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msm090, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa1335
Martel, C., Parker, J., Warrilow, A., & Kelly, D. (2010). Complementation of Saccharomyces cerevisiae ERG11/CYP51 regulated mutant and screening the azole sensitivity of Aspergillus fumigatus CYP51A and B.. Antimicrob Agents Chemother., 4920-4923.
SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa9896
Kelly, D., Kraševec, N., Mullins, J., & Nelson, D. (2009). The CYPome (Cytochrome P450 complement) of Aspergillus nidulans. Fungal Genetics and Biology, 46(1), S53-S61.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fgb.2008.08.010, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa10172
Price, C., Parker, J., Warrilow, A., Kelly, D., & Kelly, S. (2015). Azole fungicides - understanding resistance mechanisms in agricultural fungal pathogens. Pest Management Science, n/a-n/a.
https://doi.org/10.1002/ps.4029, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa20922
Lamb, D., Warrilow, A., Rolley, N., Parker, J., Nes, W., Smith, S., Kelly, D., & Kelly, S. (2015). Azole Antifungal Agents To Treat the Human Pathogens Acanthamoeba castellanii and Acanthamoeba polyphaga through Inhibition of Sterol 14α-Demethylase (CYP51). Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, 59(8), 4707-4713.
https://doi.org/10.1128/AAC.00476-15, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa31514
http://aac.asm.org/content/59/8/4707.full.pdf+html
Price, C., Warrilow, A., Parker, J., Mullins, J., Nes, W., Kelly, D., Kelly, S., & Schottel, J. (2015). Novel Substrate Specificity and Temperature-Sensitive Activity of Mycosphaerella graminicola CYP51 Supported by the Native NADPH Cytochrome P450 Reductase. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 81(10), 3379-3386.
https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.03965-14, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa20704
Warrilow, A., Hull, C., Parker, J., Garvey, E., Hoekstra, W., Moore, W., Schotzinger, R., Kelly, D., Kelly, S., & Hull, C. (2014). The Clinical Candidate VT-1161 Is a Highly Potent Inhibitor of Candida albicans CYP51 but Fails To Bind the Human Enzyme. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, 58(12), 7121-7127.
https://doi.org/10.1128/AAC.03707-14, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa18693
Hawkins, N., Cools, H., Sierotzki, H., Shaw, M., Knogge, W., Kelly, S., Kelly, D., & Fraaije, B. (2014). Paralog Re-Emergence: A Novel, Historically Contingent Mechanism in the Evolution of Antimicrobial Resistance. Molecular Biology and Evolution, 31(7), 1793-1802.
https://doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msu134, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa18161
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msu134
Nie, D., Hoobler, E., Rai, G., Warrilow, A., Perry, S., Smyrniotis, C., Jadhav, A., Simeonov, A., Parker, J., Kelly, D., Maloney, D., Kelly, S., & Holman, T. (2013). Discovery of a Novel Dual Fungal CYP51/Human 5-Lipoxygenase Inhibitor: Implications for Anti-Fungal Therapy. PLoS ONE, 8(6)
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0065928, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa15178
Belič, A., Pompon, D., Monostory, K., Kelly, D., Kelly, S., & Rozman, D. (2013). An algorithm for rapid computational construction of metabolic networks: A cholesterol biosynthesis example. Computers in Biology and Medicine, 43(5), 471-480.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compbiomed.2013.02.017, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa15174
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.compbiomed.2013.02.017
Kelly, S. & Kelly, D. (2013). Microbial cytochromes P450: biodiversity and biotechnology. Where do cytochromes P450 come from, what do they do and what can they do for us?. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 368(1612), 20120476-20120476.
https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2012.0476, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa14006
Kelly, S., Kelly, D., Parker, J., & Warrilow, A. (2013). Azole Affinity of Sterol 14alpha-Demethylase (CYP51) Enzymes from Candida albicans and Homo sapiens. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, 57(3)-1360.
https://doi.org/10.1128/AAC.02067-12, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa14415
Hull, C., Parker, J., Bader, O., Weig, M., Gross, U., Warrilow, A., Kelly, D., & Kelly, S. (2012). Facultative Sterol Uptake in an Ergosterol-Deficient Clinical Isolate of Candida glabrata Harboring a Missense Mutation inERG11and Exhibiting Cross-Resistance to Azoles and Amphotericin B. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, 56(8), 4223-4232.
https://doi.org/10.1128/aac.06253-11, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa12338
http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.06253-11
Mullins, J., Parker, J., Cools, H., Togawa, R., Lucas, J., Fraaije, B., Kelly, D., & Kelly, S. (2011). Molecular Modelling of the Emergence of Azole Resistance in Mycosphaerella graminicola. PLoS ONE, 6(6), e20973
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0020973, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa6839
Cools, H., Mullins, J., Fraaije, B., Parker, J., Kelly, D., Lucas, J., & Kelly, S. (2011). Impact of Recently Emerged Sterol 14 alpha-Demethylase (CYP51) Variants of Mycosphaerella graminicola on Azole Fungicide Sensitivity. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 77(11), 3830-3837.
https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.00027-11, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa6846
Martel, C., Parker, J., Jackson, C., Warrilow, A., Rolley, N., Greig, C., Morris, S., Donnison, I., Kelly, D., Kelly, S., & Hull, C. (2011). Expression of bacterial levanase in yeast enables simultaneous saccharification and fermentation of grass juice to bioethanol. Bioresource Technology, 102(2), 1503-1508.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2010.07.099, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa6360
Martel, C., Parker, J., Bader, O., Weig, M., Gross, U., Warrilow, A., Kelly, D., Kelly, S., Parker, J., & Hull, C. (2010). A Clinical Isolate of Candida albicans with Mutations in ERG11 (Encoding Sterol 14alpha-Demethylase) and ERG5 (Encoding C22 Desaturase) Is Cross Resistant to Azoles and Amphotericin B. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, 54(9), 3578-3583.
https://doi.org/10.1128/AAC.00303-10, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa6353
Warrilow, A., Melo, N., Martel, C., Parker, J., Nes, W., Kelly, S., & Kelly, D. (2010). Expression, Purification, and Characterization of Aspergillus fumigatus Sterol 14alpha-Demethylase (CYP51) Isoenzymes A and B. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, 54(10), 4225-4234.
https://doi.org/10.1128/AAC.00316-10, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa6354
Warrilow, A., Martel, C., Parker, J., Melo, N., Lamb, D., Nes, W., Kelly, D., Kelly, S., & Hull, C. (2010). Azole Binding Properties of Candida albicans Sterol 14alpha-Demethylase (CaCYP51). Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, 54(10), 4235-4245.
https://doi.org/10.1128/AAC.00587-10, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa6355
Martel, C., Warrilow, A., Jackson, C., Mullins, J., Togawa, R., Parker, J., Morris, M., Donnison, I., Kelly, D., Kelly, S., Mullins, J., & Hull, C. (2010). Expression, purification and use of the soluble domain of Lactobacillus paracasei β-fructosidase to optimise production of bioethanol from grass fructans. Bioresource Technology, 101(12), 4395-4402.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2010.01.084, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa6359
Parker, J., Warrilow, A., Cools, H., Martel, C., Nes, W., Fraaije, B., Lucas, J., Kelly, D., Kelly, S., & Hull, C. (2010). Mechanism of Binding of Prothioconazole to Mycosphaerella graminicola CYP51 Differs from That of Other Azole Antifungals. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 77(4), 1460-1465.
https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.01332-10, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa6361
Cheng, Q., Lamb, D., Kelly, S., Lei, L., Guenguerich, F., & Kelly, D. (2010). Cyclization of a Cellular Dipentaenone by Streptomyces coelicolor Cytochrome P450 154A1 without Oxidation/Reduction. Journal of the American Chemical Society, 132(43), 15173-15175.
https://doi.org/10.1021/ja107801v, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa9901
Martel, C., Parker, J., Bader, O., Weig, M., Gross, U., Warrilow, A., Rolley, N., Kelly, D., Kelly, S., & Hull, C. (2010). Identification and Characterization of Four Azole-Resistant erg3 Mutants of Candida albicans. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, 54(11), 4527-4533.
https://doi.org/10.1128/AAC.00348-10, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa6358
Cools, H., Parker, J., Kelly, D., Lucas, J., Fraaije, B., & Kelly, S. (2010). Heterologous Expression of Mutated Eburicol 14α-Demethylase (CYP51) Proteins of Mycosphaerella graminicola To Assess Effects on Azole Fungicide Sensitivity and Intrinsic Protein Function. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 76(9), 2866-2872.
https://doi.org/10.1128/aem.02158-09, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa6856
http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.02158-09
Parker, J., Merkamm, M., Manning, N., Pompon, D., Kelly, S., & Kelly, D. (2008). Differential Azole Antifungal Efficacies Contrasted Using a Saccharomyces cerevisiae Strain Humanized for Sterol 14 alpha-Demethylase at the Homologous Locus. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, 52(10), 3597-3603.
https://doi.org/10.1128/AAC.00517-08, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa6835
Hull, C., Bader, O., Parker, J., Weig, M., Gross, U., Warrilow, A., Kelly, D., & Kelly, S. (2012). Two Clinical Isolates of Candida glabrata Exhibiting Reduced Sensitivity to Amphotericin B Both Harbor Mutations inERG2. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, 56(12), 6417-6421.
https://doi.org/10.1128/aac.01145-12, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa13028
http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.01145-12
Binjubair, F., Parker, J., Warrilow, A., Puri, K., Braidley, P., Tatar, E., Kelly, S., Kelly, D., & Simons, C. (2020). Small‐Molecule Inhibitors Targeting Sterol 14α‐Demethylase (CYP51): Synthesis, Molecular Modelling and Evaluation Against Candida albicans. ChemMedChem, 15(14), 1294-1309.
https://doi.org/10.1002/cmdc.202000250, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa54878
Price, C., Warrilow, A., Rolley, N., Parker, J., Thoss, V., Kelly, D., Corcionivoschi, N., & Kelly, S. (2022). Cytochrome P450 168A1 from Pseudomonas aeruginosa is involved in the hydroxylation of biologically relevant fatty acids. PLOS ONE, 17(3), e0265227
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0265227, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa59697
Hull, C., Warrilow, A., Rolley, N., Price, C., Donnison, I., Kelly, D., & Kelly, S. (2017). Co-production of 11α-hydroxyprogesterone and ethanol using recombinant yeast expressing fungal steroid hydroxylases. Biotechnology for Biofuels, 10(1)
https://doi.org/10.1186/s13068-017-0904-z, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa64804
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13068-017-0904-z

All Research

Journal Articles

Price, C., Warrilow, A., Rolley, N., Parker, J., Thoss, V., Kelly, D., Corcionivoschi, N., & Kelly, S. (2022). Cytochrome P450 168A1 from Pseudomonas aeruginosa is involved in the hydroxylation of biologically relevant fatty acids. PLOS ONE, 17(3), e0265227
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0265227, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa59697
Binjubair, F., Parker, J., Warrilow, A., Puri, K., Braidley, P., Tatar, E., Kelly, S., Kelly, D., & Simons, C. (2020). Small‐Molecule Inhibitors Targeting Sterol 14α‐Demethylase (CYP51): Synthesis, Molecular Modelling and Evaluation Against Candida albicans. ChemMedChem, 15(14), 1294-1309.
https://doi.org/10.1002/cmdc.202000250, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa54878
Warrilow, A., Parker, J., Price, C., Rolley, N., Nes, W., Kelly, D., & Kelly, S. (2019). Isavuconazole and voriconazole inhibition of sterol 14α-demethylases (CYP51) from Aspergillus fumigatus and Homo sapiens. International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2019.07.011, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa51096
Plácido, J., Bustamante-López, S., Meissner, K., Kelly, D., & Kelly, S. (2019). Comparative study of the characteristics and fluorescent properties of three different biochar derived‑carbonaceous nanomaterials for bioimaging and heavy metal ions sensing. Fuel Processing Technology, 196, 106163
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuproc.2019.106163, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa51273
Placido Escobar, J., Bustamante-López, S., Meissner, K., Kelly, D., & Kelly, S. (2019). NanoRefinery of carbonaceous nanomaterials: Complementing dairy manure gasification and their applications in cellular imaging and heavy metal sensing. Science of The Total Environment, 689, 10-20.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.06.390, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa50905
Plácido, J., López, S., Meissner, K., Kelly, D., Kelly, S., & Placido Escobar, J. (2019). Multivariate analysis of biochar-derived carbonaceous nanomaterials for detection of heavy metal ions in aqueous systems. Science of The Total Environment, 688, 751-761.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.06.342, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa50904
Placido Escobar, J., Bustamante-López, S., Meissner, K., Kelly, D., & Kelly, S. (2019). Microalgae biochar-derived carbon dots and their application in heavy metal sensing in aqueous systems. Science of The Total Environment, 656, 531-539.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.11.393, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa46109
Griffiths, W., Crick, P., Meljon, A., Theofilopoulos, S., Abdel-Khalik, J., Yutuc, E., Parker, J., Kelly, D., Kelly, S., Arenas, E., & Wang, Y. (2019). Additional pathways of sterol metabolism: Evidence from analysis of Cyp27a1−/− mouse brain and plasma. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular and Cell Biology of Lipids, 1864(2), 191-211.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbalip.2018.11.006, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa46057
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bbalip.2018.11.006
Warrilow, A., Nishimoto, A., Parker, J., Price, C., Flowers, S., Kelly, D., Rogers, P., & Kelly, S. (2019). The Evolution of Azole Resistance in Candida albicans Sterol 14α-Demethylase (CYP51) through Incremental Amino Acid Substitutions. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, 63(5)
https://doi.org/10.1128/aac.02586-18, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa48946
Zhou, W., Warrilow, A., Thomas, C., Ramos, E., Parker, J., Price, C., Vanderloop, B., Fisher, P., Loftis, M., Kelly, D., Kelly, S., & Nes, W. (2018). Functional importance for developmental regulation of sterol biosynthesis in Acanthamoeba castellanii. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular and Cell Biology of Lipids, 1863(10), 1164-1178.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbalip.2018.07.004, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa41148
Colley, T., Sehra, G., Chowdhary, A., Alanio, A., Kelly, S., Kizawa, Y., Armstrong-James, D., Fisher, M., Warrilow, A., Parker, J., Kelly, D., Kimura, G., Nishimoto, Y., Sunose, M., Onions, S., Crepin, D., Lagasse, F., Crittall, M., Shannon, J...., & Rapeport, G. (2018). In Vitro and In Vivo Efficacy of a Novel and Long-Acting Fungicidal Azole, PC1244, on Aspergillus fumigatus Infection. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, 62(5), AAC.01941-17
https://doi.org/10.1128/aac.01941-17, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa38876
http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.01941-17
Sewell, T., Hawkins, N., Stotz, H., Huang, Y., Kelly, S., Kelly, D., Fraaije, B., & Fitt, B. (2017). Azole sensitivity in Leptosphaeria pathogens of oilseed rape: the role of lanosterol 14α-demethylase. Scientific Reports, 7(1)
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-15545-9, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa36850
Hull, C., Warrilow, A., Rolley, N., Price, C., Donnison, I., Kelly, D., & Kelly, S. (2017). Co-production of 11α-hydroxyprogesterone and ethanol using recombinant yeast expressing fungal steroid hydroxylases. Biotechnology for Biofuels, 10(1)
https://doi.org/10.1186/s13068-017-0904-z, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa64804
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13068-017-0904-z
Hull, C., Warrilow, A., Rolley, N., Price, C., Donnison, I., Kelly, D., & Kelly, S. (2017). Co-production of 11α-hydroxyprogesterone and ethanol using recombinant yeast expressing fungal steroid hydroxylases. Biotechnology for Biofuels, 10(1)
https://doi.org/10.1186/s13068-017-0904-z, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa37567
Warrilow, A., Parker, J., Price, C., Garvey, E., Hoekstra, W., Schotzinger, R., Wiederhold, N., Nes, W., Kelly, D., & Kelly, S. (2017). The Tetrazole VT-1161 Is a Potent Inhibitor of Trichophyton rubrum through Its Inhibition of T. rubrum CYP51. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, 61(7), e00333-17
https://doi.org/10.1128/AAC.00333-17, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa34176
Colley, T., Alanio, A., Kelly, S., Sehra, G., Kizawa, Y., Warrilow, A., Parker, J., Kelly, D., Kimura, G., Anderson-Dring, L., Nakaoki, T., Sunose, M., Onions, S., Crepin, D., Lagasse, F., Crittall, M., Shannon, J., Cooke, M., Bretagne, S...., & Rapeport, G. (2017). In vitro and in vivo antifungal profile of a novel and long acting inhaled azole, PC945, on Aspergillus fumigatus infection. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, AAC.02280-16
https://doi.org/10.1128/AAC.02280-16, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa32189
Warrilow, A., Price, C., Parker, J., Rolley, N., Smyrniotis, C., Hughes, D., Thoss, V., Nes, W., Kelly, D., Holman, T., & Kelly, S. (2016). Azole Antifungal Sensitivity of Sterol 14α-Demethylase (CYP51) and CYP5218 from Malassezia globosa. Scientific Reports, 6(1)
https://doi.org/10.1038/srep27690, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa34335
Warrilow, A., Parker, J., Price, C., Nes, W., Garvey, E., Hoekstra, W., Schotzinger, R., Kelly, D., & Kelly, S. (2016). The Investigational Drug VT-1129 Is a Highly Potent Inhibitor of Cryptococcus Species CYP51 but Only Weakly Inhibits the Human Enzyme. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, 60(8), 4530-4538.
https://doi.org/10.1128/AAC.00349-16, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa29154
Price, C., Parker, J., Warrilow, A., Kelly, D., & Kelly, S. (2015). Azole fungicides - understanding resistance mechanisms in agricultural fungal pathogens. Pest Management Science, n/a-n/a.
https://doi.org/10.1002/ps.4029, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa20922
Warrilow, A., Parker, J., Price, C., Nes, W., Kelly, S., & Kelly, D. (2015). In Vitro Biochemical Study of CYP51-Mediated Azole Resistance in Aspergillus fumigatus. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, 59(12), 7771-7778.
https://doi.org/10.1128/aac.01806-15, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa23614
http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.01806-15
Lamb, D., Warrilow, A., Rolley, N., Parker, J., Nes, W., Smith, S., Kelly, D., & Kelly, S. (2015). Azole Antifungal Agents To Treat the Human Pathogens Acanthamoeba castellanii and Acanthamoeba polyphaga through Inhibition of Sterol 14α-Demethylase (CYP51). Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, 59(8), 4707-4713.
https://doi.org/10.1128/AAC.00476-15, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa31514
http://aac.asm.org/content/59/8/4707.full.pdf+html
Price, C., Warrilow, A., Parker, J., Mullins, J., Nes, W., Kelly, D., Kelly, S., & Schottel, J. (2015). Novel Substrate Specificity and Temperature-Sensitive Activity of Mycosphaerella graminicola CYP51 Supported by the Native NADPH Cytochrome P450 Reductase. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 81(10), 3379-3386.
https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.03965-14, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa20704
Salvage, R., Hull, C., Kelly, D., & Kelly, S. (2014). Use of 70% alcohol for the routine removal of microbial hard surface bioburden in life science cleanrooms. Future Microbiology, 9(10), 1123-1130.
https://doi.org/10.2217/fmb.14.73, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa19624
Parker, J., Warrilow, A., Price, C., Mullins, J., Kelly, D., & Kelly, S. (2014). Resistance to antifungals that target CYP51. Journal of Chemical Biology, 7(4), 143-161.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s12154-014-0121-1, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa18694
Warrilow, A., Hull, C., Rolley, N., Parker, J., Nes, W., Smith, S., Kelly, D., & Kelly, S. (2014). Clotrimazole as a Potent Agent for Treating the Oomycete Fish Pathogen Saprolegnia parasitica through Inhibition of Sterol 14 -Demethylase (CYP51). Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 80(19), 6154-6166.
https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.01195-14, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa18616
Warrilow, A., Hull, C., Parker, J., Garvey, E., Hoekstra, W., Moore, W., Schotzinger, R., Kelly, D., Kelly, S., & Hull, C. (2014). The Clinical Candidate VT-1161 Is a Highly Potent Inhibitor of Candida albicans CYP51 but Fails To Bind the Human Enzyme. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, 58(12), 7121-7127.
https://doi.org/10.1128/AAC.03707-14, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa18693
Hull, C., Loveridge, J., Rolley, N., Donnison, I., Kelly, S., & Kelly, D. (2014). Co-production of ethanol and squalene using a Saccharomyces cerevisiae ERG1 (squalene epoxidase) mutant and agro-industrial feedstock. Biotechnology for Biofuels, 7(1), 133
https://doi.org/10.1186/s13068-014-0133-7, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa18617
Hull, C., Loveridge, J., Donnison, I., Kelly, D., & Kelly, S. (2014). Co-production of bioethanol and probiotic yeast biomass from agricultural feedstock: application of the rural biorefinery concept. AMB Express, 4(1), 64
https://doi.org/10.1186/s13568-014-0064-5, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa18763
Hawkins, N., Cools, H., Sierotzki, H., Shaw, M., Knogge, W., Kelly, S., Kelly, D., & Fraaije, B. (2014). Paralog Re-Emergence: A Novel, Historically Contingent Mechanism in the Evolution of Antimicrobial Resistance. Molecular Biology and Evolution, 31(7), 1793-1802.
https://doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msu134, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa18161
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msu134
Nie, D., Hoobler, E., Rai, G., Warrilow, A., Perry, S., Smyrniotis, C., Jadhav, A., Simeonov, A., Parker, J., Kelly, D., Maloney, D., Kelly, S., & Holman, T. (2013). Discovery of a Novel Dual Fungal CYP51/Human 5-Lipoxygenase Inhibitor: Implications for Anti-Fungal Therapy. PLoS ONE, 8(6)
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0065928, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa15178
Kelly, S. & Kelly, D. (2013). Microbial cytochromes P450: biodiversity and biotechnology. Where do cytochromes P450 come from, what do they do and what can they do for us?. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 368(1612), 20120476-20120476.
https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2012.0476, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa14006
Belič, A., Pompon, D., Monostory, K., Kelly, D., Kelly, S., & Rozman, D. (2013). An algorithm for rapid computational construction of metabolic networks: A cholesterol biosynthesis example. Computers in Biology and Medicine, 43(5), 471-480.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compbiomed.2013.02.017, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa15174
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.compbiomed.2013.02.017
Kelly, S., Kelly, D., Parker, J., & Warrilow, A. (2013). Azole Affinity of Sterol 14alpha-Demethylase (CYP51) Enzymes from Candida albicans and Homo sapiens. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, 57(3)-1360.
https://doi.org/10.1128/AAC.02067-12, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa14415
Warrilow, A., Mullins, J., Hull, C., Parker, J., Lamb, D., Kelly, D., Kelly, S., & Mullins, J. (2012). S279 Point Mutations in Candida albicans Sterol 14- Demethylase (CYP51) Reduce In Vitro Inhibition by Fluconazole. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, 56(4), 2099-2107.
https://doi.org/10.1128/AAC.05389-11, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa14242
Hull, C., Bader, O., Parker, J., Weig, M., Gross, U., Warrilow, A., Kelly, D., & Kelly, S. (2012). Two Clinical Isolates of Candida glabrata Exhibiting Reduced Sensitivity to Amphotericin B Both Harbor Mutations inERG2. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, 56(12), 6417-6421.
https://doi.org/10.1128/aac.01145-12, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa13028
http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.01145-12
Hull, C., Parker, J., Bader, O., Weig, M., Gross, U., Warrilow, A., Kelly, D., & Kelly, S. (2012). Facultative Sterol Uptake in an Ergosterol-Deficient Clinical Isolate of Candida glabrata Harboring a Missense Mutation inERG11and Exhibiting Cross-Resistance to Azoles and Amphotericin B. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, 56(8), 4223-4232.
https://doi.org/10.1128/aac.06253-11, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa12338
http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.06253-11
Mullins, J., Parker, J., Cools, H., Togawa, R., Lucas, J., Fraaije, B., Kelly, D., & Kelly, S. (2011). Molecular Modelling of the Emergence of Azole Resistance in Mycosphaerella graminicola. PLoS ONE, 6(6), e20973
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0020973, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa6839
Cools, H., Mullins, J., Fraaije, B., Parker, J., Kelly, D., Lucas, J., & Kelly, S. (2011). Impact of Recently Emerged Sterol 14 alpha-Demethylase (CYP51) Variants of Mycosphaerella graminicola on Azole Fungicide Sensitivity. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 77(11), 3830-3837.
https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.00027-11, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa6846
Martel, C., Parker, J., Jackson, C., Warrilow, A., Rolley, N., Greig, C., Morris, S., Donnison, I., Kelly, D., Kelly, S., & Hull, C. (2011). Expression of bacterial levanase in yeast enables simultaneous saccharification and fermentation of grass juice to bioethanol. Bioresource Technology, 102(2), 1503-1508.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2010.07.099, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa6360
Martel, C., Parker, J., Warrilow, A., Rolley, N., Kelly, S., Kelly, D., Parker, J., Hull, C., & Warrilow, A. (2010). Complementation of a Saccharomyces cerevisiae ERG11/CYP51 (Sterol 14alpha-Demethylase) Doxycycline-Regulated Mutant and Screening of the Azole Sensitivity of Aspergillus fumigatus Isoenzymes CYP51A and CYP51B. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, 54(11), 4920-4923.
https://doi.org/10.1128/AAC.00349-10, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa6356
Martel, C., Parker, J., Warrilow, A., & Kelly, D. (2010). Complementation of Saccharomyces cerevisiae ERG11/CYP51 regulated mutant and screening the azole sensitivity of Aspergillus fumigatus CYP51A and B.. Antimicrob Agents Chemother., 4920-4923.
SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa9896
Martel, C., Parker, J., Bader, O., Weig, M., Gross, U., Warrilow, A., Kelly, D., Kelly, S., Parker, J., & Hull, C. (2010). A Clinical Isolate of Candida albicans with Mutations in ERG11 (Encoding Sterol 14alpha-Demethylase) and ERG5 (Encoding C22 Desaturase) Is Cross Resistant to Azoles and Amphotericin B. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, 54(9), 3578-3583.
https://doi.org/10.1128/AAC.00303-10, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa6353
Warrilow, A., Melo, N., Martel, C., Parker, J., Nes, W., Kelly, S., & Kelly, D. (2010). Expression, Purification, and Characterization of Aspergillus fumigatus Sterol 14alpha-Demethylase (CYP51) Isoenzymes A and B. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, 54(10), 4225-4234.
https://doi.org/10.1128/AAC.00316-10, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa6354
Warrilow, A., Martel, C., Parker, J., Melo, N., Lamb, D., Nes, W., Kelly, D., Kelly, S., & Hull, C. (2010). Azole Binding Properties of Candida albicans Sterol 14alpha-Demethylase (CaCYP51). Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, 54(10), 4235-4245.
https://doi.org/10.1128/AAC.00587-10, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa6355
Martel, C., Warrilow, A., Jackson, C., Mullins, J., Togawa, R., Parker, J., Morris, M., Donnison, I., Kelly, D., Kelly, S., Mullins, J., & Hull, C. (2010). Expression, purification and use of the soluble domain of Lactobacillus paracasei β-fructosidase to optimise production of bioethanol from grass fructans. Bioresource Technology, 101(12), 4395-4402.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2010.01.084, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa6359
Parker, J., Warrilow, A., Cools, H., Martel, C., Nes, W., Fraaije, B., Lucas, J., Kelly, D., Kelly, S., & Hull, C. (2010). Mechanism of Binding of Prothioconazole to Mycosphaerella graminicola CYP51 Differs from That of Other Azole Antifungals. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 77(4), 1460-1465.
https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.01332-10, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa6361
Cheng, Q., Lamb, D., Kelly, S., Lei, L., Guenguerich, F., & Kelly, D. (2010). Cyclization of a Cellular Dipentaenone by Streptomyces coelicolor Cytochrome P450 154A1 without Oxidation/Reduction. Journal of the American Chemical Society, 132(43), 15173-15175.
https://doi.org/10.1021/ja107801v, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa9901
Martel, C., Parker, J., Bader, O., Weig, M., Gross, U., Warrilow, A., Rolley, N., Kelly, D., Kelly, S., & Hull, C. (2010). Identification and Characterization of Four Azole-Resistant erg3 Mutants of Candida albicans. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, 54(11), 4527-4533.
https://doi.org/10.1128/AAC.00348-10, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa6358
Cools, H., Parker, J., Kelly, D., Lucas, J., Fraaije, B., & Kelly, S. (2010). Heterologous Expression of Mutated Eburicol 14α-Demethylase (CYP51) Proteins of Mycosphaerella graminicola To Assess Effects on Azole Fungicide Sensitivity and Intrinsic Protein Function. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 76(9), 2866-2872.
https://doi.org/10.1128/aem.02158-09, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa6856
http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.02158-09
Bader, O., Kuhns, M., Hull, C., Parker, J., Bader, M., Tintelnot, K., Seiboldt, M., Kelly, D., Kelly, S., Gross, U., & Weig, M. (2009). Frequency of azole resistance phenotypes in the two most prevalent human pathogenic yeast, Candida albicans and Candida glabrata. MYCOSES, 52(5)-421.
SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa16023
Kelly, D., Kraševec, N., Mullins, J., & Nelson, D. (2009). The CYPome (Cytochrome P450 complement) of Aspergillus nidulans. Fungal Genetics and Biology, 46(1), S53-S61.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fgb.2008.08.010, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa10172
Warrilow, A., Ugochukwu, C., Lamb, D., Kelly, D., & Kelly, S. (2008). Expression and Characterization of CYP51, the Ancient Sterol 14alpha-demethylase Activity for Cytochromes P450 (CYP), in the White-Rot Fungus Phanerochaete chrysosporium. Lipids, 43(12), 1143-1153.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11745-008-3239-5, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa6350
Warrilow, A., Jackson, C., Parker, J., Marczylo, T., Kelly, D., Lamb, D., & Kelly, S. (2008). Identification, Characterization, and Azole-Binding Properties of Mycobacterium smegmatis CYP164A2, a Homolog of ML2088, the Sole Cytochrome P450 Gene of Mycobacterium leprae. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, 53(3), 1157-1164.
https://doi.org/10.1128/AAC.01237-08, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa6351
Melo, N., Moran, G., Warrilow, A., Dudley, E., Smith, S., Sullivan, D., Lamb, D., Kelly, D., Coleman, D., & Kelly, S. (2008). CYP56 (Dit2p) in Candida albicans: Characterization and Investigation of Its Role in Growth and Antifungal Drug Susceptibility. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, 52(10), 3718-3724.
https://doi.org/10.1128/AAC.00446-08, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa6349
Parker, J., Merkamm, M., Manning, N., Pompon, D., Kelly, S., & Kelly, D. (2008). Differential Azole Antifungal Efficacies Contrasted Using a Saccharomyces cerevisiae Strain Humanized for Sterol 14 alpha-Demethylase at the Homologous Locus. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, 52(10), 3597-3603.
https://doi.org/10.1128/AAC.00517-08, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa6835
Lamb, D., Jackson, C., Warrilow, A., Manning, N., Kelly, D., Kelly, S., & Kelly, D. (2007). Lanosterol Biosynthesis in the Prokaryote Methylococcus Capsulatus: Insight into the Evolution of Sterol Biosynthesis. Molecular Biology and Evolution, 24(8), 1714-1721.
https://doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msm090, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa1335
Barber, R., Hickenbotham, P., Hatch, T., Kelly, D., Topchiy, N., Almeida, G., Jones, G., Johnson, G., Parry, J., Rothkamm, K., Dubrova, Y., & Johnson, G. (2006). Radiation-induced transgenerational alterations in genome stability and DNA damage. Oncogene, 25(56), 7336-7342.
https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.onc.1209723, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa17857
Jackson, C., Lamb, D., Marczylo, T., Parker, J., Manning, N., Kelly, D., & Kelly, S. (2003). Conservation and cloning of CYP51: a sterol 14α-demethylase from Mycobacterium smegmatis. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, 301(2), 558
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0006-291X(02)03078-4, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa6859
Giaever, G., Chu, A., Ni, L., Connelly, C., Riles, L., Véronneau, S., Dow, S., Lucau-Danila, A., Anderson, K., André, B., Arkin, A., Astromoff, A., El Bakkoury, M., Bangham, R., Benito, R., Brachat, S., Campanaro, S., Curtiss, M., Davis, K...., & Johnston, M. (2002). Functional profiling of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae genome. Nature, 418(6896), 387-391.
https://doi.org/10.1038/nature00935, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa1332
Jackson, C. & Kelly, D. (2002). A Novel Sterol 14alpha -Demethylase/Ferredoxin Fusion Protein (MCCYP51FX) from Methylococcus capsulatus Represents a New Class of the Cytochrome P450 Superfamily. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 277(49), 46959-46965.
https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M203523200, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa1333
Lamb, D., Skaug, T., Song, H., Jackson, C., Podust, L., Waterman, M., Kell, D., Kelly, D., & Kelly, S. (2002). The Cytochrome P450 Complement (CYPome) of Streptomyces coelicolor A3(2). Journal of Biological Chemistry, 277(27), 24000-24005.
https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.m111109200, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa1334
http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.m111109200
Lamb, D., Kaderbhai, N., Venkateswarlu, K., Kelly, D., Kelly, S., Kaderbhai, M., & Kanamarlapudi, V. (2001). Human Sterol 14α-Demethylase Activity Is Enhanced by the Membrane-Bound State of Cytochrome b5. Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics, 395(1), 78-84.
https://doi.org/10.1006/abbi.2001.2566, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa25098
Lamb, D., Warrilow, A., Venkateswarlu, K., Kelly, D., Kelly, S., & Kanamarlapudi, V. (2001). Activities and Kinetic Mechanisms of Native and Soluble NADPH–Cytochrome P450 Reductase. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, 286(1), 48-54.
https://doi.org/10.1006/bbrc.2001.5338, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa25100
Lamb, D., Kelly, D., Venkateswarlu, K., Manning, N., Bligh, H., Schunck, W., Kelly, S., & Kanamarlapudi, V. (1999). Generation of a Complete, Soluble, and Catalytically Active Sterol 14α-Demethylase−Reductase Complex†. Biochemistry, 38(27), 8733-8738.
https://doi.org/10.1021/bi9825089, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa25106
Venkateswarlu, K., Kelly, D., Manning, N., Kelly, S., & Kanamarlapudi, V. (1998). NADPH cytochrome P-450 oxidoreductase and susceptibility to ketoconazole. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, 42
SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa25111
Venkateswarlu, K., Lamb, D., Kelly, D., Manning, N., Kelly, S., & Kanamarlapudi, V. (1998). The N-Terminal Membrane Domain of Yeast NADPH-Cytochrome P450 (CYP) Oxidoreductase Is Not Required for Catalytic Activity in Sterol Biosynthesis or in Reconstitution of CYP Activity. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 273(8), 4492-4496.
https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.273.8.4492, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa25109
Venkateswarlu, K., Kelly, D., Kelly, S., & Kanamarlapudi, V. (1997). Characterization of Saccharomyces cerevisiae CYP51 and a CYP51 fusion protein with NADPH cytochrome P-450 oxidoreductase expressed in Escherichia coli. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, 41
SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa25119
Fang, G., Venkateswarlu, K., Kelly, D., Kelly, S., & Kanamarlapudi, V. (1994). STUDIES ON YEAST HOST STRAINS FOR HETEROLOGOUS P450 EXPRESSION. Biotechnology Letters, 16
SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa25127

Key Grants and Projects

Bio-refining Centre of Excellence: BEACON 2010 - 2023

, with Aberystwyth University; Bangor University; University of South Wales , £18.3 million
BBSRC-FAPESP Newton Fund Award: Application of novel real-time disease surveillance and fungicide resistance monitoring tools to foster a smart and sustainable crop protection platform in Brazil 2019 - 2021

, with Rothamsted Research, Universidade Estadual Paulista “Julio de Mesquita”, San Paulo Brazil, £365101